【精品推荐】明代空白期将军罐赏析

将军罐，始见明代嘉靖，康熙朝延续顺治式样，高矮大小不等。官民窑均有，但民窑所占数量多，早期口大罐高，晚期口小罐矮。常画仕女婴戏、洞石花鸟两种图案，往往底部无釉露胎，胎体厚重，足边有火石红，官窑产品尺寸小，常在腹部绘团寿纹，底部圈足满釉书有本朝 6 字款。莲子罐、瓜罐、冰梅罐、竹节盖罐，罐身绘翠竹纹，除青花外，还有白釉绿彩。鼓式盖罐、狮钮盖罐、粥罐，为康熙朝创新式样，多是民窑产品，尺寸不是很大，形体矮而圆，底部无釉露胎，肩部有对称双圆孔，穿有铜环，便于提用。罐盖分圆顶和平顶两种，前者多置宝珠形钮，后者无钮。

General pot, beginning to see the Ming dynasty jiajing, kangxi dynasty continuation of shunzhi style, height and size. The official kiln has, but the civilian kiln occupies the quantity is much, the early mouth big pot is high, the late mouth small pot is low. Often painting beautiful female baby play, cave stone flowers and birds two patterns, often at the bottom of the unglazed exposed fetus, the body is heavy, feet have flint red, the size of the official kiln product is small, often in the abdomen painted in the group life, the bottom circle foot full glaze book has this dynasty 6 characters. Lotus seed pot, melon pot, ice plum pot, bamboo canister cover pot, pot body painted green bamboo grain, in addition to blue and white, there are white glaze green color. Drum lid pot, lion button lid pot, porridge pot, for the kangxi dynasty innovative style, most of the people kiln products, size is not very big, shape is short and round, the bottom of the unglazed exposed tire, shoulder symmetrical double round hole, wearing copper ring, easy to lift. Can cover cent dome and flat top two kinds, the former sets treasure bead shape knob more, the latter does not have knob.

此明代空白期将军罐高17.1厘米，丰肩圆胸，腹部渐收，器型饱满，器型稳重挺拔，威猛刚健。盖子顶是蓝色的钮，在盖子的折沿上用泼墨留白的手法绘出半隐半现的梅花，花朵分内外两圈。作者在罐子的胸部与腹部巧妙地运用写意的线描手法绘图，委婉流畅的曲线将其表现得婀娜轻巧。腰部以下是变形的回纹。这种庄严威武的造型与浪漫娟秀纹饰巧妙的配合，逐渐成为了大众非常喜爱的风格。

This Ming dynasty blank period general pot 17.1 cm high, full shoulders round chest, abdomen gradually closed, full shape, steady and straight, strong and vigorous. The top of the lid is blue button, in the folding edge of the lid with ink to draw half hidden half show plum blossom, flowers inside and outside two circles. The author skillfully used the freehand line drawing on the chest and abdomen of the jar, and the smooth curve made it look graceful and light. Below the waist are deformed loops. This kind of solemn and powerful modelling and romantic beautiful grain act the role ofing clever cooperate, became the style that the public loves very much gradually.

这件将军罐的青花发色凝重、淡雅，图案的边缘比较朦胧、柔和。因为在上百年的岁月里，釉子因不可避免受到磨损、风化、侵蚀而发生老化，釉子表面与内部的老化与劣化改变了釉子的光学性能，釉子表面的光泽降低内部的光泽加强，清晰度与透明度不断下降，最后变成了一层毛化膜层，在毛化膜层的作用下，古陶瓷釉下的图案也会变得柔美、凝重、典雅。特别是图案的边缘比较朦胧、柔和。而那些新仿瓷釉下的图案就显得清晰、单薄，缺少立体感，特别是图案笔画的边缘比较锐利、清新。

The blue and white hair of this general pot is dignified, quietly elegant, the edge of the design is more hazy, downy. Because in hundreds of years, grapefruit because of inevitable by abrasion, weathering, erosion and aging, glaze surface and internal aging and deterioration of changed the optical properties of glaze, the luster of the luster glaze surface to reduce internal strengthen, clarity and transparency of falling, finally becomes a roughen membrane layer, the roughen membrane layer, under the action of ancient ceramics glaze under design also become soft, dignified and elegant. Especially the edge of the design is more hazy, soft. On the other hand, the newly imitated patterns under the enamel are clear, thin and lack of stereoscopic effect, especially the sharp and fresh edges of the patterns.

在这件将军罐盖子的钮上能看到比较明显的磨损，损伤是多年自然使用的痕迹，这个与人的使用习惯和器型有很大的关系。一般使用时人手经常摸触的地方以及放置时陶瓷与放置经常接触的地方往往磨损比较严重。凡是人手经常触摸的地方多是陶瓷器型凸起的外沿的"峰部",触摸较少的地方常是陶瓷器型凹陷的内缩的"谷"或"沟"部。"峰部"越突出，凸起就越常受到磨损其光泽就越暗；无论新瓷经过怎样人为的打磨、去光，破坏的多是外部和外表，只是造成了表面的粗糙，它里面没有被破坏的地方发光还是很亮。而古陶瓷的表面结构的破坏和改变是一个渐进的漫长的过程，它遭受到的破坏是长期的。

Obvious wear and tear can be seen on the button of the lid of this general pot. The damage is the trace of natural use for many years, which has a great relationship with people's use habits and shape. The place that the hand often touches when general use and the place that often contacts when placing pottery and porcelain and place place are often worn more serious. Generally the hand often touch the place is the ceramic vessel convex outside the edge of the "peak part ", touch less often is the ceramic vessel concave inside the" valley "or" groove "part. The more prominent the peak, the more often the bump is worn and its luster is darker; No matter how artificially polished and polished the new porcelain is, the damage is mostly caused by the exterior and appearance, but only the roughness of the surface. The inner part of the new porcelain still shines brightly without being damaged. The destruction and change of the surface structure of ancient ceramics is a gradual and long process.

历年来随着收藏市场的火爆，将军罐成了收藏家们竞相追逐的目标，但与花瓶等其他古玩不同，将军罐是由罐子与盖子两部分组成，在百年的流传过程中大多数身首异处，特别在文革"破四旧"的年代又因体积太大难以藏身而大量被毁，完整的传世品较少，所以这一对原配的、完整无缺的、将军罐更是稀有，弥足珍贵。

Over the years as the collection of market, the general pot became the target of collectors to chase, but different with antiques, such as vases, general tank is consists of two parts, jar with lid, in one hundred, in the process of the spread of most of the head, especially in the cultural revolution "broken capitalism" s again due to the volume is too big to hide a large number of destroyed, complete is handed down is less, so the original pair, intact, general tank is rare, precious.